From founder(s), to well known members, the legacy of Alpha Phi Alpha is not what the make it seem. From issues such as abortion, agnosticism, idolatry, hazing, etc. Alpha Phi Alpha has it all.

To be continued...................

Let's begin with Thurgood Marshall. I will never deny that many of the things he did as a lawyer were great. His bio is always full of those things. Here are three bios.



1.) "(born July 2, 1908, Baltimore, Maryland, U.S.—died January 24, 1993, Bethesda) lawyer, civil rights activist, and associate justice of the Supreme Court of the United States (1967–91), the first African American member of the Supreme Court. As an attorney, he successfully argued before the U.S. Supreme Court the case of Brown v. Board of Education of Topeka (1954), which declared unconstitutional racial segregation in American public schools.

Marshall was the son of William Canfield Marshall, a railroad porter and a steward at an all-white country club, and Norma Williams Marshall, an elementary school teacher. He graduated with honours from Lincoln University (Pennsylvania) in 1930. After being rejected by the University of Maryland Law School because he was not white, Marshall attended Howard University Law School; he received his degree in 1933, ranking first in his class. At Howard he was the protégé of Charles Hamilton Houston, who encouraged Marshall and other law students to view the law as a vehicle for social change.

Upon his graduation from Howard, Marshall began the private practice of law in Baltimore. Among his first legal victories was Murray v. Pearson (1935), in which Marshall successfully sued the University of Maryland for denying an African American applicant admission to its law school simply on the basis of race. In 1936 Marshall became a staff lawyer under Houston for the National Association for the Advancement of Colored People (NAACP); in 1938 he became the lead chair in the legal office of the NAACP, and two years later he was named chief of the NAACP Legal Defense and Educational Fund.

Throughout the 1940s and '50s Marshall distinguished himself as one of the country's top lawyers, winning 29 of the 32 cases that he argued before the U.S. Supreme Court. Among them were cases in which the court declared unconstitutional a Southern state's exclusion of African American voters from primary elections ( Smith v. Allwright [1944]), state judicial enforcement of racial “restrictive covenants” in housing ( Shelley v. Kraemer [1948]), and “separate but equal” facilities for African American professionals and graduate students in state universities ( Sweatt v. Painter and McLaurin v. Oklahoma State Regents [both 1950]). Without a doubt, however, it was his victory before the Supreme Court in Brown v. Board of Education of Topeka that established his reputation as a formidable and creative legal opponent and an advocate of social change. Indeed, students of constitutional law still examine the oral arguments of the case and the ultimate decision of the court from both a legal and a political perspective; legally, Marshall argued that segregation in public education produced unequal schools for African Americans and whites (a key element in the strategy to have the court overrule the “separate but equal” doctrine established in Plessy v. Ferguson [1896]), but it was Marshall's reliance on psychological, sociological, and historical data that presumably sensitized the court to the deleterious effects of institutionalized segregation on the self-image, social worth, and social progress of African American children."
http://www.biography.com/articles/Thurgood-Marshall-9400241



2.) "Born in Baltimore, Maryland on July 2, 1908, Thurgood Marshall was the grandson of a slave. His father, William Marshall, instilled in him from youth an appreciation for the United States Constitution and the rule of law. After completing high school in 1925, Thurgood followed his brother, William Aubrey Marshall, at the historically black Lincoln University in Chester County, Pennsylvania. His classmates at Lincoln included a distinguished group of future Black leaders such as the poet and author Langston Hughes, the future President of Ghana, Kwame Nkrumah, and musician Cab Calloway. Just before graduation, he married his first wife, Vivian "Buster" Burey. Their twenty-five year marriage ended with her death from cancer in 1955. In 1930, he applied to the University of Maryland Law School, but was denied admission because he was Black. This was an event that was to haunt him and direct his future professional life. Thurgood sought admission and was accepted at the Howard University Law School that same year and came under the immediate influence of the dynamic new dean, Charles Hamilton Houston, who instilled in all of his students the desire to apply the tenets of the Constitution to all Americans. Paramount in Houston's outlook was the need to overturn the 1898 Supreme Court ruling, Plessy v. Ferguson which established the legal doctrine called, "separate but equal." Marshall's first major court case came in 1933 when he successfully sued the University of Maryland to admit a young African American Amherst University graduate named Donald Gaines Murray. Applauding Marshall's victory, author H.L. Mencken wrote that the decision of denial by the University of Maryland Law School was "brutal and absurd," and they should not object to the "presence among them of a self-respecting and ambitious young Afro-American well prepared for his studies by four years of hard work in a class A college."

Thurgood Marshall followed his Howard University mentor, Charles Hamilton Houston to New York and later became Chief Counsel for the National Association for the Advancement of Colored People (NAACP). During this period, Mr. Marshall was asked by the United Nations and the United Kingdom to help draft the constitutions of the emerging African nations of Ghana and what is now Tanzania. It was felt that the person who so successfully fought for the rights of America's oppressed minority would be the perfect person to ensure the rights of the White citizens in these two former European colonies. After amassing an impressive record of Supreme Court challenges to state-sponsored discrimination, including the landmark Brown v. Board decision in 1954, President John F. Kennedy appointed Thurgood Marshall to the U.S. Court of Appeals for the Second Circuit. In this capacity, he wrote over 150 decisions including support for the rights of immigrants, limiting government intrusion in cases involving illegal search and seizure, double jeopardy, and right to privacy issues. Biographers Michael Davis and Hunter Clark note that, "none of his (Marshall's) 98 majority decisions was ever reversed by the Supreme Court." In 1965 President Lyndon Johnson appointed Judge Marshall to the office of U.S. Solicitor General. Before his subsequent nomination to the United States Supreme Court in 1967, Thurgood Marshall won 14 of the 19 cases he argued before the Supreme Court on behalf of the government. Indeed, Thurgood Marshall represented and won more cases before the United States Supreme Court than any other American.

Until his retirement from the highest court in the land, Justice Marshall established a record for supporting the voiceless American. Having honed his skills since the case against the University of Maryland, he developed a profound sensitivity to injustice by way of the crucible of racial discrimination in this country. As an Associate Supreme Court Justice, Thurgood Marshall leaves a legacy that expands that early sensitivity to include all of America's voiceless. Justice Marshall died on January 24, 1993."
http://chnm.gmu.edu/courses/122/hill/marshall.htm




3.) Thurgood Marshall
"Segregated America would have eventually seen its end, but its demise wouldn't have happened as quickly if it weren't for Thurgood Marshall. An uncompromising and brilliant civil rights attorney, Marshall, the great-grandson of slaves and the son of two hardworking middleclass Baltimore parents, reshaped the opportunities available to black America.

As a young lawyer, he worked deep in the heart of the Jim Crow south before taking his work and life history to the N.A.A.C.P., where he became the organization's star attorney, taking on and winning numerous Supreme Court cases. The greatest of those came in 1954, when the bench ruled that the "separate but equal" practice in public schools was unconstitutional. It was a monumental decision, changing how Americans dealt with race, and ushering in a new era of civil rights.

In 1967, Marshall made history again when President Johnson nominated him for a position as an associate justice for the Supreme Court of the United States. The Senate quickly confirmed him, making him the first African-American ever to serve on that court. His tenure there spanned 24 years. During his time on the bench, Marshall penned not only some of the court's most important decisions but, on a court that became increasingly more conservative during his time, some of its sharpest dissenting arguments.

As a man who'd fought so hard to achieve his success, Marshall, perhaps more than any justice in Supreme Court history, understood the power of law to change people's lives."
http://www.biography.com/blackhistory/featured-biography/thurgood-marshall.jsp

Here's a quote from him,

"In recognizing the humanity of our fellow being, we pay the highest tribute."
http://www.biography.com/blackhistory/featured-biography/thurgood-marshall.jsp



"1972
"Pens the majority's opinion on a landmark capital punishment case that strikes down the death penalty due to the inconsistency of its use."
http://www.biography.com/blackhistory/featured-biography/thurgood-marshall.jsp


Does anyone notice anything missing? If so, do you not see the hypocrisy of his quote and one of his decisions?

What's missing?

He was a Supreme Court Justice from 1967-1991. What's missing from his BIO during those years?

What's missing?

The continued countless death of millions.

That was a hint by the way!!!!!!!!!!!

Min. H, I believe you are referring to Marshall's concurrence with the 7-2 Supreme Court majority in Roe v. Wade (1973)...

That is correct!!!!!!!!!!!!!!! Not only his concurrence, the skewed reasoning behind the ruling. This was by far the most devastating judicial ruling EVER!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!